Vehicle test report: Jet Industries Electra Van 600

The Electra Van 600, an electric vehicle, was tested. Tests were performed to characterize parameters of the Electra Van 600 and to provide baseline data to be used for comparison of improved batteries and to which will be incorporated into the vehicle. The vehicle tests concentrated on the electrical drive subsystem, the batteries, controller, and motor; coastdowns to characterize the road load and range evaluation for cyclic and constant speed conditions; and qualitative performance was evaluated. It is found that the Electra Van 600 range performance is approximately equal to the majority of the vehicles tested previously

Ecological Observations on Predatory Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) in Southwestern Michigan

Ecological observations on habitat utilization by thirteen species of predatory Coccinellidae were made at a southern Michigan site during 1989 and 1990. Most of species were common during both years and used both agricul- tural and uncultivated habitats. Coccinella septempunctata and Coleomegilla maculata, were the most abundant in agricultural crops (alfalfa, maize, soy- bean and triticale), whereas Adalia bipunctata and Cycloneda munda, were the most abundant in deciduous and bushy habitats

Vehicle test report: Electric Vehicle Associates electric conversion of an AMC Pacer

Tests were performed to characterize certain parameters of the EVA Pacer and to provide baseline data that can be used for the comparison of improved batteries that may be incorporated into the vehicle at a later time. The vehicle tests were concentrated on the electrical drive subsystem; i.e., the batteries, controller and motor. The tests included coastdowns to characterize the road load, and range evaluations for both cyclic and constant speed conditions. A qualitative evaluation of the vehicle's performance was made by comparing its constant speed range performance with other electric and hybrid vehicles. The Pacer performance was approximately equal to the majority of those vehicles assessed in 1977

Vehicle test report: Electric Vehicle Associates electric conversion of an AMC Pacer

The change of pace, an electric vehicle was tested. These tests were performed to characterize certain parameters of the electric vehicle pacer and to provide baseline data that can be used for the comparison of improved batteries that may be incorporated into the vehicle at a later time. The vehicle tests were concentrated on the electrical drive subsystem, the batteries, controller and motor. Coastdowns to characterize the road load, and range evaluations for both cyclic and constant speed conditions were performed. The vehicle's performance was evaluated by comparing its constant speed range performance with described vehicles. It is found that the pacer performance is approximately equal to the majority of the vehicles tested in the 1977 assessment

Interaction-induced chiral p_x \pm i p_y superfluid order of bosons in an optical lattice

The study of superconductivity with unconventional order is complicated in condensed matter systems by their extensive complexity. Optical lattices with their exceptional precision and control allow one to emulate superfluidity avoiding many of the complications of condensed matter. A promising approach to realize unconventional superfluid order is to employ orbital degrees of freedom in higher Bloch bands. In recent work, indications were found that bosons condensed in the second band of an optical chequerboard lattice might exhibit p_x \pm i p_y order. Here we present experiments, which provide strong evidence for the emergence of p_x \pm i p_y order driven by the interaction in the local p-orbitals. We compare our observations with a multi-band Hubbard model and find excellent quantitative agreement

Ab Initio Treatment of Collective Correlations and the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 48^{48}Ca

Working with Hamiltonians from chiral effective field theory, we develop a novel framework for describing arbitrary deformed medium-mass nuclei by combining the in-medium similarity renormalization group with the generator coordinate method. The approach leverages the ability of the first method to capture dynamic correlations and the second to include collective correlations without violating symmetries. We use our scheme to compute the matrix element that governs the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{48}$Ca to $^{48}$Ti, and find it to have the value $0.61$, near or below the predictions of most phenomenological methods. The result opens the door to ab initio calculations of the matrix elements for the decay of heavier nuclei such as $^{76}$Ge, $^{130}$Te, and $^{136}$Xe.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. supplementary material included. version to be publishe

Pilotstudie zur Erfassung von durch extracorporaler Stoßwellentherapie (ESWT) induzierten mokroskopischen Veränderungen im Knochen

Die extracorporale Stoßwellentherapie wird seit Jahren im klinischen Alltag eingesetzt, obwohl ihr genauer Wirkungsmechanismus noch ungeklärt ist. Diese Arbeit befaßt sich mit den Auswirkungen dieser Therapieform auf gesunden Knochen, um mögliche Knochenwachstums- oder –umbauprozesse erkennen zu können, die durch die Stoßwellen induziert sein könnten. Zu diesem Zweck wurden sieben New Zealand White Rabbits mit einer Energieflußdichte von 1,49 mJ/mm² bei 1000, 2000 oder 4000 Impulsen an einem Femur behandelt, während die Gegenseite als Kontrolle diente. Nach einem Beobachtungszeitraum von 1, 8, 14 oder 28 Tagen wurden die Knochen entnommen und für eine histologische Untersuchung aufgearbeitet. Bei dieser Untersuchung wurden die Femora eingebettet und geschnitten. Die Schnitte wurden digitalisiert und Messungen mittels einer Morphometrie-Software durchgeführt, um die Kortikalisdicke an allen vier Seiten und die Gefäßdichte in der Fokuszone zu messen. Die Gefäßdichte wurde durch die Weibel-Grid-Methode bestimmt, bei der das Verhältnis der mit Gefäßanschnitten bedeckten Fläche zur Gesamtfläche gemessen wird. Zusätzlich wurde auf Periostveränderungen wie z.B. Blutungen geachtet. Als weiteres Beobachtungskriterium wurden vier Lungen exemplarisch auf durch Knochenfragmente ausgelöste Embolien untersucht. Dazu wurden die Lungen ebenfalls eingebettet und geschnitten. Danach wurden die Schnitte unter dem Mikroskop durchgemustert, um mögliche Veränderungen zu entdecken und nachzuweisen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß trotz der wechselnden Energien und des unterschiedlich langen Beobachtungszeitraumes keine Veränderungen zu erkennen sind, die auf durch ESWT induzierte Knochenum- oder –anbauprozesse hindeuten könnten. Ebenso sind keine Unterschiede in der Gefäßdichte von behandelter zu unbehandelter Seite zu sehen. Dadurch scheidet auch die Induktion einer Neovaskularisation durch ESWT aus. Es waren weiterhin keine Periostveränderungen zu erkennen. Die Lungenuntersuchung zeigte ebenfalls keine Veränderungen. Somit bestätigen diese negativen Tierversuchsergebnisse den erst seit kurzem bekannten unbeeinflußten klinischen Verlauf unter ESWT

Revisiting the assessment of tremor: clinical review

Tremor, an involuntary, rhythmic, and oscillatory movement of a body part, is a frequent presenting symptom to general practice and by far the most common movement disorder presentation, impacting up to 15% of such cases.1 A common initial pattern is symmetric upper-limb involvement during posture and action. Although patients are often worried about Parkinson’s disease (PD), PD tremor usually has easily recognisable features.2 This concern tends to lead to frequent referrals for specialist input despite an alternative diagnosis being more likely in a majority of cases. Essential tremor (ET) is the most common diagnosis given to patients with this presentation, which is estimated to affect 0.4–6.0% of the general population.3 This may be an overestimate as the rubric of ET and the relationship between clinical features and underlying pathophysiology is uncertain. These aspects also potentially contribute to variable diagnostic and treatment outcomes.4 A recent Movement Disorder Society consensus on phenotyping charts a course towards more precise classification.5 This will not only be useful for research but also help in clarifying common clinical syndromes seen in everyday practice. This article outlines an approach to upper-limb tremor presentations in adult patients, developing a previously proposed three cardinal question method for neck pain6 while highlighting salient aspects of the consensus statement that could potentially aid in clinical stratification of cases

Thermo-elasticity for anisotropic media in higher dimensions

In this note we develop tools to study the Cauchy problem for the system of thermo-elasticity in higher dimensions. The theory is developed for general homogeneous anisotropic media under non-degeneracy conditions. For degenerate cases a method of treatment is sketched and for the cases of cubic media and hexagonal media detailed studies are provided.Comment: 33 pages, 5 figure